学文网外研社高一英语必修一知识点总结
总结是指对某一阶段的工作、学习或思想中的经验或情况加以总结和概括的书面材料，它可以促使我们思考，我想我们需要写一份总结了吧。总结怎么写才是正确的呢？以下是精心整理的外研社高一英语必修一知识点总结，欢迎大家分享。
句式分析
现在进行时表将来，表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，常见的现在进行时表将来的动词有：come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do等.
例：1. Im coming. 我就来
2. what are you doing next Sunday 你下个星期天做什么
3. I hear that you are travelling along Mekong River. 我听说你将沿湄公河旅行
4. Where are you staying at night 你们晚上待在哪里/
直接引语和间接引语
概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。
例： Mr. Black said, Im busy. Mr. Black said that he was busy.
变化规则
(一)陈述句的变化规则
直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that(可省略)引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。
人称的变化人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思
例：1. He said, I like it very much. He said that he liked it very much.
2. He said to me, Iv left my book in your room.
He told me that he had left his book in my room.
时态的变化
例：
I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary, said Anne.
Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.
The boy said, Im using a knife. The boy said that he was using a knife.
▲注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：
He said, Light travels much faster than sound.He said that light travels much faster than sound.
指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
(二) 祈使句的变化规则
如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上not。例：
The hostess said to us, Please sit down. The hostess asked us to sit down.
He said, Dont make so much noise, boys. He told the boys not to make so much noise.
(三)疑问句的变化规则
如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。
一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为 ask 或asked,原问句变为由if/whether 引导的宾语从句。例:
Do you think a diary can become your friend the writer says.
The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.
(2) 特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句。例：
What do you want he asked me. He asked me what I wanted
定语从句
概念：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
成分：先行词，即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词;关系代词：that，which，who(宾格为whom,所有格为whose);或者关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主从句的作用。
1. 关系代词that的用法
关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人，也能指物;既能做主语，也能做宾语
例：1)A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物，作主语)
(2)The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. (指物，作宾语)
(3)Who is the man that is reading a book over there (指人，作主语)
(4)The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jims sister,(指人，作宾语)
2. 关系代词which的用法
关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物，但既可以做宾语也能作主语
例：1)They planted some trees which didnt need much water. (作主语)
(2)The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作宾语)
3. 关系代词who，whom的用法
关系代词who,whom 只能指人，在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语
例：1)The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主语)
(2)The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作宾语)、
4. 关系代词whose在的用法
关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式，其先行词既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。
例：1)This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. (指人，作主语)
(2) The room whose window faces south is mine. (指物，作主语)
(3)He has written a book whose name Ive forgotten. (指物，作宾语)
5. 关系副词when的用法
关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语
例：1)Ill never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.
(2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago
6. 关系副词where在定语从句中的用法
关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语
例：1)This is the place where( =at/ in which) we first met.
(2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasnt very clean.
7. 关系副词why在定语从句中的用法
关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语
例: 1). I didnt get a pay rise, but this wasnt the reason why(= for which) I left.
(2). The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.
1.基础梳理
actor quality active republic principle mankind period guidance fee youth league stage vote generous selfish selfless devote violence equal blanket educated relative terror cruelty opinion invader judge quote be sentenced to nationalism blow up as a matter of fact out of work come into power
2.词语归纳
1)quality
表示“品质，品种”时，可有复数形式。
of quality修饰人，表示“品质好的”。
说明商品时，为不可数名词，表示“质量”;作名词复数时，表示“性能，种类”。
2)willing
表示“乐意的，愿意的”，作表语时，后接不定式或者是that引导的从句，从句中用should+动词原形，should可以省略。
有时willing可以用在seem，look，sound等系动词后面。
作定语时，表示“积极的，肯干的，自愿的，意志坚强的”。
3)fight
fight against…为……反对而斗争，和……作战fight with和……作战或者斗争，与……并肩作战fight for为……斗争或者奋斗fight over为……争吵fight(it)out通过斗争解决，打出个胜负
4)advise
advise sb to do sth劝告/建议某人去做某事advise sb not to do sth=advise sb against doing sth劝告/建议某人不要去做某事
advise后接一个宾语从句，从句中的动词要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。
advise sb of sth把某事通知某人
advise sb on/about sth和某人商量某事
5)youth
表示“青年男子，青年小伙子”时，是可数名词，常含贬义。
the youth青年人的总称，作主语是，谓语动词可是复数也可是单数。
表示“青春，青少年时期”是不可数名词。
6)vote
作名词，表示“选举，投票，表决”时，前面常加不定冠词。
bring/put/submit sth to a/the vote将某问题交付表决(表主动)come/go to a/the vote (某问题)被交付表决(表被动)
表示“选票，选举人“时，是可数名词。
表示“选举权”时，前面常加a，the，one’s等限制词。
vote for投票赞成，建议vote against投票反对vote on对……表决vote to do一致决定
7)position
表示“位置，姿势，职位，立场”时，是可数名词，常加in。
表示“地位”时，是不可数名词，有时可加不定冠词。
in a position to do sth处于能够做某事的地位in/out of position在(不在)适当位置
take up the position that…主张……
8)accept
表示“同意，接受”时，后接名词，代词或者that引导的从句。
accept还可以接不定式。
9)equal
作形容词，与to连用，后接名词或者动名词，表示“能胜任的，能应付的”。
作动词，后接in，表示“在某方面比得上或者敌得过”，多用于一般时。
10)degree
表示“程度，等级，学位，度数”。
by degrees渐渐地to a degree非常;有点，稍微
do/study for degree攻读学位take/get/receive/earn one’s degree获得学位
一、重点句型
1. What should a friend be like?询问对方的看法
2. I think he / she should be…表示个人观点的词语
3. I enjoy reading / Im fond of singing / I like playing computer games.等表示喜好的词语
4. Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane crashes.
“when"作并列连词的用法
5. What / Who / When / Where is it that...?强调句的
特殊疑问句结构
6. With so many people communicating in English everyday,
... “with+宾语+宾补”的结构做状语
7. Can you tell me how to pronounce...?带连接副词
(或代词)的不定式做宾补的用法
二、重点词汇
1. especially v.特别地
2. imagine v.想像
3. alone adv. / adj.单独，孤独的
4. interest n.兴趣
5. everyday adj.每天的，日常的
6. deserted adj.抛弃的
7. hunt v.搜寻
8. share v.分享
9. care v.在乎，关心
10. total n.总数
11. majority n.大多数
12. survive v.生存，活下来
13. adventure n.冒险
14. scared adj.吓坏的
15. admit v.承认
16. while conj.但是，而
17. boring adj.令人厌烦的
18. except prep.除……之外
19. quality n.质量
20. favourite adj.最喜爱的
三、重点短语
1. be fond of爱好
2. treat…as…把……看作为……
3. make friends with与……交朋友
4. argue with sb. about / over sth.与某人争论某事
5. hunt for寻找
6. in order to为了
7. share…with与……分享
8. bring in引进;赚钱
9. a great / good many许多…
重点句型
1) It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. (从句时态用完成时)这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
2) I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.(强调句)我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
3) I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
4) Your friend，who doesn’t work hard，asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.(非限制性定语从句)你的一个朋友叫你在期末考试中帮他作弊，这个朋友平常不认真学习。
5) If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends，you can write to the editor and ask for advice.如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。
6) Add up your score and see how many points you can get.把你的得分加起来，看看得了多少。
7) What he did has added to our difficulties.他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。
8) His income adds up to $1000 a month.他每月的收入共计1000美元。
9) It‘s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须体验的。
10) Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work?她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法?
11) The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report.警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。
12) As I was about to go out and search for him，he happened to come in.正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。
13) Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。
14) We tried to calm him down，but he kept crying.我们试***让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。
15) Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather?他敢在这样一个暴风雨夜外出吗?
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