所谓含蓄虚拟条件句,是指将条件从句隐藏在上下文一定的短语中的一类条件句,其主要用法及表现形式可归纳如下:
1. 将条件隐含在不定式短语中
To hear him speak English,you would take him for a foreigner. 如果你听到他说英语,你会以为他是外国人。(=If you heard him speak English,you...)
To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你学习更用功些,早就考及格了。(=If you had studied harder, you...)
2. 将条件隐含在分词短语中
Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. 如果出生在好时代,他早就成为学者了。(=If he had been born in better times, he would...)
Failing this time, what would you do? 假若这次失败,那你怎么办?(=If you failed this time, what would...)
Walking alone in the dark, Mary would be terrified. 要一个人单独在黑暗中行走,玛丽会感到十分害怕。(=If Mary walked alone in the dark, she...)
3. 将条件隐含在介词短语中
But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助,我们的实验是不会成功的。(=If it hadn’t been for your help,we...)
In different circumstances, I would have said yes. 在其他的情况下,我就会同意了。(=If circumstances had been different, I would...)
4. 将条件隐含在名词短语中
Any person who had behaved in that way would have been dismissed. 任何人这样做了都会被开除。(=If any person should behave in that way..., he would...)
A few hours earlier, and you would have seen the famous writer. 要是你早来几个小时,你就见到这位著名的作家了。(=If you had come a few hours earlier, you...)
5. 将条件隐含在某些连词中
I didn’t know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn’t have believed him. 我不知道他是个骗子,不然我也不会相信他了。(or else=if I had known he was a cheat)
I’m really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you. 我真的是太忙了,不然我就会同你一道去了。(otherwise=if I were not so busy)
6. 将条件隐含在定语从句中
Anyone who had seen that painting might have taken it for a photo. 凡是看过那画的人,都可能把它看成是照片。(=If anyone had seen that painting...)
7. 将条件隐含在一定的上下文中
You might stay here forever. 你可以永远待在这儿。(=If you wanted to, you might...)
Don’t bother to read all these papers. It would take too long. 不要费事看所有这些文件了,那会花太多时间。(=...If you read all these papers, It would take too long)