学文网国际生物多样性日
生物多样性公约秘书处非常高兴地宣布：2007年5月22日，即国际生物多样性日关注的焦点将是“生物多样性与气候变化”。
TheSecretariatoftheConventiononBiologicalDiversityispleasedtoannouncethefocusofthe2007InternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity(IBD),22May,willbeon:
BiodiversityandClimateChange
Thiscomplementsthedesignationof2007astheInternationalPolarYearandcoincideswithUNEP’SWorldEnvironmentDaythemeofClimateChange.Lectures,seminars,filmpresentations,culturalevents,exhibitionsandschooloutreachactivitiesarejustsomesuggestionsthatyoumaywishtoimplementtohelpdrawattentiontooneofthemostcriticalissuesfacingourplanettoday.
FacingClimateChange
Sincethemid-1800sglobaltemperatureshaveincreasedbyabout0.6°C,impactingtheentireworld,fromlow-lyingislandsinthetropicstothevastPolarRegions.DuringthelastCentury:
1.thelargestglacieronMountKenyahaslost92%ofitsmass,
2.sealevelshaverisenby10-25cm,and
3.thethicknessofseaiceinthearctichasdecreasedby40%.
Currentclimatechangepredictionsarenotencouraging;theyestimatefurtherincreasesintemperaturesof1.4°Cto5.8°Cby2100.
Predictedimpactsfromatemperatureincreaseofonly2.5°Cinclude:
1.210millionmorepeopleatriskfrommalaria,
2.upto3.1billionmorepeoplesufferingfromwaterscarcity,and
3.50millionmorepeoplefacinghunger.
Evenifallhumansourcesofgreenhousegasemissionsarestoppedimmediately,theimpactsofclimatechangewouldcontinuefor50years.
TheNewGreatThreattoBiodiversity
Climatechangeisalreadyforcingbiodiversitytoadapteitherthroughshiftinghabitat,changinglifecycles,orthedevelopmentofnewphysicaltraits.Impactsalreadyobservedinclude:
1.Coralbleaching,causedbyincreasedseatemperatures,iscausingdie-offsamongstcoralreefcommunitiesfromAustraliatotheCaribbean.
2.TheCommonMurrehasadvancedbreedingby24daysperdecadeoverthepast50yearsinresponsetohighertemperatures.
3.TheBaltimoreorioleisshiftingnorthwardandmaysoondisappearentirelyfromtheBaltimorearea.版权所有
4.Polarbearpopulationsarecomingunderthreatasfoodbecomeshardertohunt.
Otherspecieswillfacemoreunusualchallenges.Thesexofseaturtlehatchlings,forexample,istemperaturedependentwithwarmertemperaturesincreasingthenumberoffemaleseaturtlesattheexpenseofmales.
Thosespeciesthatareunabletoadaptarefacingextinction.Infact,predictionsestimatethatupto1millionspeciesmaybecomeextinctasaresultofclimatechangeincludingBoyd’sforestdragonandBrazil’sVirolasebiferatree.
TherecentlyextinctGoldenToadandGastricBroodingFroghavealreadybeenlabeledasthefirstvictimsofclimatechange.
TheBiodiversitySafetyNet
Thelinksbetweenbiodiversityandclimatechangerunbothways:biodiversityisthreatenedbyhuman-inducedclimatechangebut,biodiversityresourcescanreducetheimpactsofclimatechangeonpeopleandproduction:
1.theconservationofhabitatscanreducetheamountofCO2releasedintotheatmosphere.Currentlydeforestationisestimatedtoberesponsiblefor20%ofhuman-inducedCO2emissions,
2.conservingcertainspeciessuchasmangrovesanddroughtresistantcropscanreducethedisastrousimpactsofclimatechangeeffectssuchasfloodingandfamine,and
3.theconservationandsustainableuseofbiodiversitycanstrengthenecosystemresilience,improvingtheabilityofecosystemstoprovidecriticalservicesinthefaceofincreasingclimaticpressures.
Usingbiodiversityresourcestomitigateoradapttoclimatechangeisofparticularimportancetovulnerablepopulationssuchaspeoplelivinginlow-lyingareasordevelopingcountriesandindigenouscommunities.
RespondingActions版权所有
Giventheimportanceofclimatechange-biodiversitylinks,itisimportantto:
1.conservebiodiversitythatisespeciallysensitivetoclimatechange,
2.preservehabitatssoastofacilitatethelong-termadaptationofbiodiversity,
3.improveourunderstandingofclimatechange–biodiversitylinkages,and
4.fullyintegratebiodiversityconsiderationsintomitigationandadaptationplans.
22May2007–ClimateChangeandBiodiversityHaveTheirDay
Climatechangetouchesthelivesofpeopleandbiodiversityineverycountry.
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