学文网一、用从句表达让步状语
考点一 though和although引导的让步状语从句
这两个连词在一般情况下可以互换使用。在口语中，though较常使用，although比though正式，且二者都可与yet， still或nevertheless连用，但不能与but连用。
典例：
1. I don’t believe we’ve met before， I must say you do look familiar.
A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless
2. It was a nice meal， a little expensive.
A. though B. whether C. as D. since
解析：第1小题根据句意“尽管你很面熟，但我相信我们以前绝对没见过面。”可知正确答案为B；第2小题根据句意“那顿饭真美味，尽管有点贵。”可知答案为A。该句使用了省略形式，补全为“though it was a little expensive”，注意as也可以表示“尽管”，但as作此意时必须使用倒装结构，参见考点6。
考点二 even though 和even if 引导的让步状语从句
这两个复合连词可互换使用，但even if引导的让步状语从句含有强烈的假定性，而even though引导让步状语从句时，是以从句的内容为先决条件的， 即说话人肯定了从句的事实。
典例：
3. ――Look at those clouds！
――Don’t worry. it rains， we’ll still have a great time.
A. Even if B. As though C. In case D. If only
4. The engineer are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities， they have the interest.
A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if
解析：第3小题答案为A， even if 即便， as though似乎，in case 以防；第4小题依据句意“工程师们非常繁忙，即使（even if）有户外体育活动的兴趣也没有时间去做。”比较四个选项，C项合适。
考点三 while引导的让步状语从句
while“虽然， 尽管”，引导的让步状语从句，相当于although，一般位于句首，不能放在句中或句末。
典例：
5. the Internet is of great help， I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
A. If B. While C. Because D. As
6. I really don’t like art， I find his work impressive.
A. As B. Since C. If D. While
解析：第5小题答案为B，根据题干含义，显然需要一个表转折或让步的词，即while，尽管；第6小题答案为D，句意为：尽管我不是真的喜欢艺术，但我发现他的作品给我留下深刻印象。前后两句是转折关系。
考点四 whether... or not/ whether... or引导的让步状语从句
这种从句也称“选择条件让步状语从句”，可位于主句之前或之后。
典例：
7. All people， they are old or young， rich or poor， have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
A. even if B. whether
C. no matter D. however
8. ――Dad， I’ve finished my assignment.
――Good， and ________ you play or watch TV， you mustn’t disturb me.
A. whenever B. whether
C. whatever D. no matter
解析：第7、8小题答案都为B，两小题考查whether...or...“无论……还是……”引导的让步状语从句。题目中有个很明显的or， 所以要用whether。
考点五 疑问词+ever/ no matter+疑问词引导的让步状语从句
前者既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。但no matter what（who， whom等）只能引导让步状语从句。解这一类题目时，要注意连词在让步状语从句中所作的句子成分，另外，还要注意从句的语序。
典例：
9. The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit the season.
A. whatever B. wherever
C. whenever D. however
10. well prepared you are， you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.
A. However B. Whatever
C. No matter D. Although
解析：第9小题答案为A， whatever 引导让步状语从句，其后省略了it is；第10小题答案为A， However等于no matter how，但no matter不能单独用。句中的well是副词，所以用however，而不用whatever。
考点六 as引导的让步状语从句
as引导让步状语从句时，从句多位于主句之前，而且必须使用倒装语序。通常如果从句中有形容词或名词作表语，则把表语置于句首，而且名词前要省略冠词；如果从句中有修饰动词的副词，则将该副词置于句首；如果从句中有情态动词，则将情态动词后的动词原形置于句首。
典例：
11. ， his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
A. Strange as might it sound
B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound
D. Strange as it might sound
12. ， he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be
B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may
D. Quiet as he may be a student
解析：第11小题答案D， as引导让步状语从句时，常放在作表语、状语或谓语的一部分的形容词、名词、副词或动词原形之后。如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词；第12小题答案B，在as引导的让步状语从句倒装时，名词前冠词应省略。提示：as引导的让步状语从句通常将表语或修饰谓语动词的副词提前至句首。
二、用短语表达让步状语
考点七 despite（the fact that）和in spite of（the fact that）引导让步状语
一般说来，in spite of的语气较强，使用范围也较广；despite的语气较弱，多用于诗歌或正式的文体中。Despite可以写作despite of，都与名词短语或动名词连用，despite the fact that和in spite of the fact that 与同位语从句连用。
典例：
13. his many weak points， he is liked by his classmates.
A. Though B. Besides
C. Despite D. Except for
14. the fact that there was thick fog， he drove his car out.
A. Although B. No matter C. Despite D. In spite
15. Hundreds of companies in Shanghai have promised not to lay off employees the global economic crisis.
A. in case of B. in place of
C. in favor of D. in spite of
解析：第13，14，15小题答案分别为C， C， D。第13小题依据题意“尽管他有很多弱点，但他的学生喜欢他。” 前后之间为转折关系，排除B和D，且though引导从句，despite是介词与名词短语搭配；第14题依据题意“尽管有浓雾，他还是开车出去了。”仍然属于让步关系，且构成despite the fact that结构；第15题依据题意“尽管全球金融危机，但上海很多公司承诺不会让很多工人下岗。”前后之前仍然为让步关系。
考点九 regardless of引导让步状语
regardless of 引导让步状语，意思是“不管……的；不顾……的 ”，后接代词、名词、或动名词。
典例：
16. The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable his or her financial situation.
A. rather than B. owing to
C. regardless of D. in honor of
解析：答案为C。题目要表达的意思是这样的：我们的目标是创造更高的教育质量，让每个想读书和有能力读书的人都可以接受教育，不管其经济状况如何。
（作者单位：甘肃省定西市安定区中华路中学）