学文网四级写作篇1
1． 篇幅：120-150字
达不到字数要求的，要酌情扣1-5分；
90-99 扣1分，80-90扣2分，70-79扣
3分，60-69扣5分；
2． 布局：三段式
只写一段为0-4分，只写两段0-9分；
考生一般都希望作文达到字数而又不至于写得太多，因为写得太多一方面暴露自己语言上的弱点，另一方面又会占用过多的时间。写得太多还易跑题，一个有效的方法就是十二句作文法。
我们知道，四级作文都是三段式。我们算一下，如果我们在每一段中写上四句，即主题句加两三句扩展句和一个结论句就可以了。这样全篇在十二句左右，每一句十多个词，就又120-150个字。大家可以试***找一些作文题练一练。
“because”模块（问题对策型作文）
俗话说，有因必有果，有果必有因。四级考试的作文题中有不少题目要求我们说明导致某一现象或结果的原因，即我们所说的 Why or Because 模块。本模块立意在“原因”或“根源”，从当代社会的某一现象或变化出发，通过探究出该现象或变化的社会根源，得出关于该现象或变化的发展趋势或给人们何种启迪的结论。文章以因果和枚举两种方式展开。 本模块的统一提纲模式是：
第一段 提出话题，概述某社会现象。
第二段 分析话题，找出原因或根源。阐述导致该社会现象或发展变化的深层次原因。
第三段 解决问题，进行评论或得出结论。对该社会现象发展变化进行理性预测或利弊评述，也可阐述本人的看法或观点。
常用句型
引出话题
1.Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.
最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.
2. ______ has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young , and heated debates are right on their way.
……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
3. Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face.
如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.
4. Nowadays/ At present, the phenomenon of… calls for/deserves/merits people’s attention.
5. With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为…
给出原因:
1. This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, …
这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先, … 第二, … 第三, …
2. Why did/do… ? For one thing… For another…
3. Three reasons could account for it. Firstly,… Secondly,… Thirdly, …
历年作文真题及范文：
2000年6月四级作文题及范文
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Global Shortage of Fresh Water. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 人们以为淡水是取之不尽的
(提示：雨水、河水、井水…)
2. 实际上淡水是非常紧缺的
(提示：人口增加，工业用水增加，污染…)
3. 我们应该怎么办
Global Shortage of Fresh Water
Many people believe that the world’s supply of fresh water will never be used up. They think that fresh water comes from such a variety of sources as rain, river water and well water etc., so it is always sufficient for use. Such an opinion leads to a shocking waste of water.
As a matter of fact, the earth is short of fresh water. Furthermore, with the rapid growth of the world’s population, the rising demand for waterby industry, and the serious pollution of oursurroundings, the world is facing the danger of running out of fresh water. Actually, in some big cities, fresh water cannot meet the daily needs.
Therefore, to find new ways to save water is an urgent task. First, we should pass strict laws to control any waste of water. Second, scientists must work even harder to purify sea water and polluted water, and try to find substitutes to reduce the use of fresh water.
2007年12月四级作文题及范文
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Elective courses to choose. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 各学校开了各种各样的选修课
2. 学生选课有不同的原因
3. 就我而言
Elective Courses to Choose
With the remarkable educational reform and the increasing students’ demand, universities strive to offer a variety of elective courses for students to choose. Some higher institutes provide the optional course of cross-cultural communication, and some colleges have computer science on the curriculum of elective courses
There are numerous reasons for students’ selection of the courses, and I would like to explore a few of the most significant ones here. In the first place, students tend to take personal interest into consideration when they opt for an elective course. Possibly, that’s why cross-cultural communication course is so prevailing on campus. Additionally, some undergraduates attend certain optional courses for their career prospects and future development. Last but not least, to make up for their required credits is another universal reason as students select a course at random.
As far as I am concerned, picking up an elective course, I am inclined to give priority to personal interest. I am taking geographic research and discovery course in that I’ve been greatly keen on science since I was a kid.
2010年6月四级作文题及范文
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写，
2. 出现这种现象的原因是…
3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为… Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditional practice, especially in the area of English learning , one of which is less attention has been given to spelling by college students . This issue has been brought into public focus and called for further concern.
A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following are the most critical ones. First, information is expanding at such an increasing rate that our society is called the one of information. The information is so immense that students haven' t ample energy and time to deal deeply with spelling, and some computer programs, such as word ,have done the spelling checking work for us . Second, the standardized-test oriented way of English learning, in which the high score can be achieved without spelling, put students to the position in which they have the quite reason to ignore spelling.
This issue may lead to a number of unfavorable consequences, with the following two the most serious. For one thing, the information would be incorrect when conveyed by hand- writing way and cause some bad effects. For another, we may indulge ourselves in this way of inaccuracy which may influence our attitude of learning or research. The awareness of the importance of this issue should be enhanced and some proper measures should be taken. It is reasonable for us to believe that the situation will be improved in the near future.
演讲致辞型
演讲稿的写法: 表明你的演讲的目的，你具有的优势（能力、性格、爱好、经验等）；如果当选你会怎么做。
历年作文真题及范文：
2005年1月四级作文真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
A Campaign Speech
1. 你认为自己具备是什么条件(能力，性格，爱好)可以胜任学生会***工作，
2. 如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？
A Campaign Speech
Today I am very glad to run for the president of the students’ union. I am junior in Chemical Department. Since I came into the university, I have always been the monitor of my class. I have done a very good job for my classmates, and my classmates and my teacher all give me a good
praise. I am good at communication and organizing. And I like to help others. Moreover, I have a variety of hobbies, for example, basketball, football, ping pong, etc. I am sure that I am qualified for this position.
If I become the president, I will try my best to do well. I will organize some suitable activities for you. I will do many things for you to reach your demands as well. I am sincerely hope you will give me a chance, and please believe me that I will be a good president. Thank you.
Directions: 2007年6月四级作文真题及范文 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to our club. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:欢迎辞，欢迎加入俱乐部。
标题：Welcome to our club
书写提纲：
1. 表达你的欢迎；
2. 对你们俱乐部作一个简要介绍。
Welcome to our club
June 23, 2007
Welcome to our club! We "New Oasis club" aims at advocating environment protection and wildlife conservation. We quite appreciate your concern about our environment and we will organize such activities as follows.
Firstly, we have regular meetings and lectures focused on different issues every Friday; you may choose whatever and whichever you like. Sometimes we will invite some well-known professors, whose speeches are very inspiring and exciting. Secondly, we will organize a major activity every year. Last year we went hiking, which was refreshing and unforgettable for all of us. We hiked on the beach for a whole day, and spent our night in the camp. Although we were all exhausted, we were spiritually relaxed.
After you join our club, you can participate in any activities at a much lower price. Besides, you may get some documents from us free. You can fill in a written application to our staff office or email us via(by) love@sina. The deadline for entries is Sept. 25th. Come on, join us.
Advantage and Disadvantage”模块
我们知道，事物总是一分为二的，四级考试的写作题目中有许多要求我们就某一事物的正反两方面发表我们的看法。 这种题型主要有两种出题形式：
形式1：说明X的利弊
题目特点：Advantages And Disadvantages of X 或
Positive And Negative Aspects of X
1. X（带来）的好处
2. X可能（给……）带来的问题/弊端
3. 我对X的体会或我怎样对待X
形式2：说明X的利或弊
题目特点: Advantages/Disadvantages/Harmfulness of X
1. X的现状
2. 产生这一现状的原因
3. X的好处或弊端
说明利弊型作文的篇章结构
第一段：引言＋优点。简述标题中涉及的某一事物或现象并列举该事物/现象的优点或积极因素；
第二段：说明X可能带来的问题/弊端。以对比关联词引出该该事物/ 现象的另一面——缺点或积极因素；
第三段：我的体会。权衡利弊，谈谈自己的体会或如何扬长避短的方法。
常用句型
表示好处
1） It has the following advantages．
2） It does us a lot of good．
3） It benefits us quite a lot．
4） It is beneficial to us．
5） It is of great benefit to us．
例如：
Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better， and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore， reading extensively is of great benefit to us．衔接：
But every thing has two aspects.
However, every coin has two sides.
However, everything divides into two．
There is no doubt that …has its drawbacks as well as merits.
毫无疑问,…有优点也有缺点.
表示坏处
1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．
2）It does us much harm．
3）It is harmful to us．
例如：
However，everything divides into two． Television can also be harmful to us． It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．
表示结论
1）In short，it can be said that ．．．
2）It may be briefly summed up as follows:
3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．例如：
From what has been mentioned above， we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．
历年作文真题及范文：
2006年6月英语四级作文题及范文
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:
1. 有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师
2. 学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素
3. 学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题
On Students Selecting Lectures
Nowadays, college students pay more and more attention to optional courses because they consider them a good way to enrich their knowledge. Recently, some universities have begun allowing students to choose the teachers of some optional lectures.
When it comes to choosing teachers, students often have the following considerations. First, they are convinced that teachers should be knowledgeable and should be experts in the fields they teach. Second, teachers should be responsible and great importance should be attached to adequate preparation for the courses. Only by meeting these two requirements will teachers be the best choice for students.
Allowing students to choose teachers will give rise to both benefits and problems. The advantages include the fact that competent and respectable teachers will stand out and students will be more willing to take optional courses. However, schools may give too much power to students and this may result in teacher’s complaints and disorder in teaching programs. So schools should weigh both the advantages and the disadvantages, and try to satisfy the students’ needs as well as arrange the lecturers in a sensible way.
2008年6月英语四级作文题及范文
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write Recreational Activities according to the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
1.娱乐活动多种多样
2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性
3.作为大学生，我的看法。
Recreational Activities
四级写作篇2
关键词：动作描写；原因；“四式四法”
中***分类号：G622 文献标识码：B 文章编号：1002-7661（2016）13-159-02
人教版五年级上册第六单元和下册第七单元都是写人的文章，其中动作描写是凸显人物的一种很重要的写作手法。五年级学生对人物的描写比中年段时有了很大提高。但大量的习作中反映一个较为薄弱的共性问题，主要体现为动作描写较单一、欠具体。孩子大多数只简单地写了做什么，没有写具体怎么做。不会把一个复杂的行为过程分解成一个一个具体的动作，从而更好地突出人物人物的性格特征或内心世界。因此，笔者对如何让五年级学生对人物动作描写更精彩进行了方法的探析。
动作描写，就是对人物行为、动作的描写。通过描写人物做什么和怎样做来表现人物的性格特点和精神面貌，凸现鲜活的人物形象。老舍先生也曾说：“只有描写行动，人物才能站起来。”一个或一处成功的动作细节描写往往胜过千言万语的表白，使人物真实可感、栩栩如生。
一、巧观察，善积累
第三学段的习作教学目标要求：“养成留心观察周围事物的习惯，有意识地丰富自己的见闻，珍视个人的独特感受，积累习作素材。”①此外，于永正老师的《五重教学》中也提出要“重情趣，重感悟，重积累，重迁移，重习惯。”②
进行有效的动作描写首先要引导孩子从身边出发，观察人物复杂多变、连贯的动作，重视语言的积累，还有生活的积累和感受。此处的观察并非走马观花，而是带有目的性的。作为老师，我引导学生学会观察每一步由几个动作完成，把一个复杂行动分解成几个阶段，再把几个阶段的行动分解为几个简单的动作。例如体育运动时，孩子通过观察其他人的腿部运动，从而体会写腿和脚的动作的词就很多。“踢、跑、跳、蹦、滑、跨、蹲、蹬、踮、溜、走、转、退。”学生在卫生值日时，观察擦玻璃、扫地等情景。例如擦玻璃时，“掸玻璃，换湿布，哈气，踮脚，抓窗柩，用手指抠，用干布擦。”从而感悟怎么做这一系列过程把事情写具体。
学生平时对生活经验与语言材料的积累，是学生对人物动作描写写作“素材库”的自我建构的过程。“巧妇难为无米之炊”。引导学生积极体验生活，参加各种有益的活动；培养学生勤读课外书，多读报杂志的好习惯；做好摘录笔记，及时记录好的构思；广泛收集信息，尤其是关于人物动作描写的资料，并分析整理。
二、引导分解，使用准确的动词
俄国伟大作家托尔斯泰说：“人的动作是‘人的心里的钥匙。”③不同的动作体现了人的不同状态，要把人物的动作写准确，令人感觉传神、传情。
“一个人从马上爬下来。”“一个人从马上跳下来。”“一个人从马上跌下来。”同样是描述一个人从马的背上下来，“爬”字体现了那个人对马的极度恐惧的心理便跃然纸上。改为“跳”就把一个勇敢的人写活了。“跌”字让人不禁联想到有可能是马的性子刚烈，那个人无法驾驭从而跌倒的情景。
此外，引导学生在观察人物时把一个复杂行动分解成几个阶段，再把几个阶段的行动分解为几个简单的动作，并选择恰当的动词写出来。
有学生在习作中这样描写运动员赛跑。“400米比赛开始了。小豪跑啊跑啊，一直跑在最前面。最后，他第一个跑到了终点。”此时的描写没有过程，缺少具体动作，人物的特点不够鲜明，文章显得很空洞。我引导学生学会观察每一步由几个动作完成，引导他们观察运动员的手臂、双脚、身体有什么变化，思考每个动作之间有一定的联系。
“400米比赛开始了，在跑道上的小豪就像离弦之箭向前飞奔着，只见他有力的双臂一前一后地摆动着，双脚越迈越快，很快便把对手甩在身后。他的身子向前倾斜着，像要倒下似的，奋力向前迅跑。跑到终点线处，他头一抬，胸一挺，终于取得了第一名。
孩子修改后的片段使用了“飞奔、摆动、迈、倾斜、抬、挺”等一系列动词，读者就会在头脑中形成小豪跑步时有声有色的画面，进而佩服他身轻如燕，奋力拼搏的个性特点。它显示了作者在捕捉人物动作、表现人物形象方面的独到之处。
三、揭示人物性格特点，表现人物内心世界
高尔基所说：“要使艺术作品具有令人信服的教育作用，就必须使主人公们尽可能地多做事，少说话”。 人的行为、动作是人的思想感情、性格特征最直接、最具体的表现。要引导学生从生活中选取、提炼最能反映人物个性特征，具有典型意义的人物行动。
“雨杨拿起黑板旁的抹布，蹲在水桶旁，用力上下搓着。随后将干净的抹布小心翼翼叠成方形，用手按住一边，慢慢从左移到右，他弓着身，低下头，那一丝不苟的神情就像是在雕琢一件精美绝伦的艺术品。 ”
在这个习作片段，学生使用了“拿、蹲、搓、叠、按、移、弓、低”等一系列东西，抓住雨杨的一举一动去反映他爱劳动，做事情认真负责的个性特点。从而令读者从心底里佩服他这种做事情的态度。
四、巧用适当的修辞手法
巧用比喻、夸张等适当的修辞手法可以使人物的个性特征更加突出，更具有深刻的典型意义。引导学生思考日常观察到的动作，并联系自己的实际生活体会人物动作描写的方法，运用到习作用去。
“‘砰’的一声***响，他像离弦的箭一样飞了出去，又像一只饥饿的猎豹一样向前狂奔。”“只见他用力在踏板上一蹬，随即身子瞬间腾空而起，在空中划过一个漂亮的圆弧，落入沙坑，双腿弯曲，双脚深深嵌进沙地。”描写跑步、跳远的句子都巧用了比喻的修辞，让人对速度飞快的运动健将印象深刻和跳远时选手腾空飞跃的情景历历在目。
注释：①吴忠豪《小学语文课程与教学》中国人民大学出版社（2010：208）。②于永正《于永正与五重教学》北京师范大学出版社（2003：50）。③陆恕、刘济远《学作文“小问号”》东北师范大学出版社（2008：131）
参考文献：
[1] 郝文武.实现三维教学目标统一的有效教学方式[J]. 教育研究. 2009（01）
[2] 肖春远.感悟新课程――试论新课程下的语文教学观[J]. 新课程研究（基础教育）. 2010（04）
四级写作篇3
论文摘要：英语写作是衡量学生英语综合水平和应用能力的一个重要指标。英语写作能力的提高不仅需要学生自身平时的刻苦训练，而且需要社会、学校和老师各个环节的密切配合。文章重点就大学英语四级写作的充实性原则进行了研究和分析。
大学英语写作是一种语言技能，是衡量学生英语综合水平和应用能力的一个重要指标。但当前的大学英语教学对写作的重要性还不够重视，写作成为学生英语技能中最薄弱的环节。作文好坏直接影响整个卷面成绩，针对这种现象，许多专家、学者从各方面找原因。笔者从学生在写作中存在的问题入手，寻找原因，探索其对策，目的在于提高学生英语写作能力，使学生真正达到书面交际的目的。
1我国大学英语写作现状
我国大学生过多地把精力放在听力和阅读能力的训练上，而忽略了写作能力的培养。在大学英语四、六级考试中，写作始终是学生的难点，从全世界的雅思考试成绩来看，中国考生的写作成绩一直处于世界最低的水平。
2大学四级写作的要求和规定
为适应我国高等教育发展的新形势，深化教学改革，提高教学质量，满足新时期国家和社会对人才培养的需要，***高等教育司于2004颁布了最新版的《高校英语专业四级考试大纲》，并对专业四级写作做了如下要求和规定：（1）测试目的：按照英语专业基础阶段英语教学大纲的要求，检查学生在基础阶段末期的英语写作能力。（2）题型：主观试题，分为section a和section b两个部分。（3）测试要求： a.作文。b.写便条。考试时间10分钟。为了帮助学生在写作时达到上述要求，笔者将充实性原则引入英语专业四级写作中。
3四级写作的充实性原则
首先，教师可通过分析和教授学生大学四六级作文应试策略，帮助学生克服心理障碍和增加学生写作的自信心。只要将教师教授的写作技巧和策略联系实践、合理科学的改进，作文水平一定可以提高。其次，增加词汇量，如何增加学生的词汇量？这个问题似乎太难了，但是如果学生能积累一些无论哪篇作文都可以用上的单词，而且是高级词汇，即所谓的作文上的“万能单词”，学生应该就不会感觉到它的艰难了。例如，在第一段陈述观点时，都出现“如今”，“现在”，“目前”等时间状语，我们可以用“for the time being/currently”将“nowadays”或者“at present”甚至“now”予以替换。在最后一段表示具体做法时，有3篇作文都用了“为了……，应该……”这个句型，很多同学可能都会用“in order to…， should…”，但是我们可以在此基础上用上同学们在新视野大学英语中已学比较高级的表达法，即：for the sake of…， are supposed to…。 6篇作文都需要表达个人看法，所以我们可以掌握“as far as i’m concerned，/personally speaking，/for my point of view”将“i think，/in my opinion”甚至“i see”予以替换。几乎所有的话题都需学生表达事物的两面性；因此，具备些关于优点，缺点，好处，问题等的词汇也是很有必要的， benefit， contribute， beneficial， essential， indispensable， detrimental， advantage， merit， disadvantage， demerit， shortcoming，issue，etc.“许多”表达法，通常同学都是用 “many，/a lot of”，而我们学过很多表达‘许多’的词汇，比如，“considerable， numerous， a diversity of ”。其实，这个增加词汇量的过程就相当于一个替换过程。在四六级作文选词中，学生有意识地将新学的高级词汇替代初高中的简单词汇，如此一来，就解决了词汇匮乏，英语水平低下的问题了。
最后，句型是否多样化。由于受中式思维的影响，同学们经常在组织句子的时候习惯用，‘主语+谓语+宾语’的结构；显然，如果12个句子都用这种单一结构，评卷老师会产生学生句型匮乏的印象。因此，我们要从句型多样化的目标着手，以下句型为参考给句子润色和修饰。第一，在英语的表达中，被动语态的表达很常见，故我们也可在这12个句子中用被动语态来表达，显得地道和专业，也不会让老师觉得学生的英语chinglish的印象了。如果同学还觉得用被动语态表达有困难，那么可将自己写好的一个主动句子用be done的结构改写为被动句子。第二个推荐句型，用it’s +adj. for sb. to do sth. 的句型，刚好可以把前面比较高级的形容词用上。第三，同谓语从句，we can’t deny the fact that… /it’s go beyond doubt that /there is no doubt that 第四： 强调句，区分一个句子是否是强调句，应将it’s …who/that去掉，句子的结构仍是完整的。既然如此，那么我们在一个陈述句里加上上面的结构就变成了强调句，而且不影响原来的句子。第五，定语从句的使用。如果可以用到谚语的话，还可以用以下结构：as an old saying goes， we should seize every chance before it pulls away from us.（机不可失，时不再来）。最后，倒装句，宾语从句等也可以选择性使用。
4结束语
学生提高写作能力，要想在四级考试中作文取得高分，不是一朝一夕的事情，要经过教师和学生长期不懈的共同努力才能获得。如果学生们在平时多下功夫，在日常的学习中努力积累知识，多学多练打下牢固的基础，在考试中讲究写作技巧，正如一句英语言语所讲：practice makes perfect. 考生一定能够发挥出水平，润色出高质量高分数的文章来。
参考文献：
四级写作篇4
构思简单 少犯错误
中心突出 层次分明
借助经典 名句俗谚
重在变化 避免重复
卷面整洁，书写清楚
1、打好腹稿再动笔，减少涂改。
2、书写漂亮的当然更好，达不到的最起码也要工整。
3、使用黑色水笔作答，白纸黑字，这样能够有效提高整洁度。
构思简单 少犯错误
根据阅卷经验，四级作文的主要错误集中在思路、标点、时态、单复数、结构等五个方面。
英语四级错误十错十察
1.句子成分残缺
We always working till late at night before taking exams.(误)
We are always working till late at night before taking exams(正)
2.句子成分多余
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting forus. (误)
One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正)
3.主谓不一致
Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. (误)
Someone/Somebody thinks that reading should be selective. (正)
4.动词时态误用
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)
5.动词语态误用
The driver of the red car was died in the accident. (误)
The driver of the red car died in the accident. (正)
6.词类混淆
It is my point that reading must be selectively. (误)
In my opinion, reading must be selective. (正)
Honest is so important for every person. (误)
Honesty is so important for everyone. (正)
7.名词可数与不可数的误用
In modern society, people are under various pressures(误)
In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure. (正)
8.动词及物与不及物的误用
Because of his excellent performance, the boss rose his salary. (误)
Because of his excellent performance, the boss raised his salary. (正)
9.动宾搭配不当
We must make solutions to the problem. (误)
We must find a solution to the problem. (正)
It also may help you to make success. (误)
It may also help you succeed/obtain your goal. (正)
10.根据中文逐字硬译
Let us touch the outside world of campus.
Let’s keep in touch with the world outside of the campus.
四级写作篇5
关键词:四、六级写作 非正式文体 普通文体 正式文体 文体分析教学
四、六级英语作文（composition， essay or article）是书面性的，作文多数是说明文或议论文，因此用比较正式的语体才贴切，正如一个人穿一件得体的衣服去参加正式集会一样。
语言学者一般将语言的正式程度（levels of formality）分为三种语体：非正式的（informal）、普通的（一般的）(general or normal)、正式的(formal)。同样的意思可以用三种文体表达。例如：
General: One of the pleasantest things in the world is a trip in the country. I can enjoy friends indoors; but on the open road， nature is all the friend I need. When I am alone like that， I do not feel alone at all.
Formal: Although few of the world’s pleasures exceed that of a journey through the countryside， the real secret of that pleasure is to go by oneself. Companionship can be enjoyed indoors; whereas to a traveler on the open road， nature is a sufficient friend. One is then never less alone than when alone.
Informal: Say! I think there’s nothing in the world so neat as a spin in the country side. And I like to go by myself! Of course I like people， but you can enjoy them indoors. When you’re on the open road， nature’s all you need. You’re not lonely a bit when you’re all by yourself out in the fresh air.
同样，“生意兴隆通四海，财源茂盛达三江”可以简单地表达为“Far and wide trade booms；here and there money comes”，但在正式场合最好表达为“Home and abroad business thrives；hither and thither profit arrives”更好，因为这样用词较为庄重和古雅(hither and thither是here and there在古英语中的说法)。
再看学生的作文实例：
Because I think learning English is very important， especially to me. Well if you ask me why， I’ll tell you there are lots of reasons. Let’s look at something in job market. And if you can’t speak English， you can’t get a good job. Don’t you believe? Then another is communicate with foreigners. You know， if you can’t speak English， how can you make your idea understood by them? Anyway， spoken English is getting more and more important. So a test of spoken English is necessary.
很多学生的文章中充塞着I think/believe，I’m sure，I see， I mean， more and more，lots of，kind of，let’s ...等口语化的表达，很多句子都以口语化的词because，anyway，well，you know，so，and，then开头。很多学生喜欢用感叹句，疑问句尤其是反问句，缩略语和第二人称代词这些口语化的形式。
再看下面的例子，就可以知道：被动句和第三人称比用第二人称显得正式。
Formal: First the seed is scattered evenly over the ground; then the soil is raked lightly and firmed with a roller.
Informal: First you scatter the seed; then you rake it in and firm the soil with a roller. Or: First scatter the seed; then rake it in and firm the soil with a roller.
Formal: When a soldier salutes， he must stand up straight and bring his right hand up smartly to the visor of his cap.
四级写作篇6
【关键词】大学英语；考试；写作；阅读
在教育体制改革后，大学英语四六级考试产生较大变化，为了保证准确率，一定要引导学生明确阅读与写作要求，并根据自身经验充分应对，这样才能实现良好的考试成绩。
一、大学英语四六级考试写作的应对策略
（一）多样的学习方式
在教学过程中，教师需要根据课本重点进行复述、总结等，并写出段落作文，使学生养成良好的写作习惯。对于学生的各个类型写作，教师可以让学生互相检查，实现集体批阅方式。但写作中出现错误期间，教师要给出正确的意见。对于一些比较优秀的作文，教师可以组织小组相互模仿，学习其中的优势。在日常学习中，为了能够写出更好、更优秀的作文，一定要多看范文、多背诵一些好句子等，在这种写作学习中，学生不仅能掌握好词汇、语法知识等，还能提高学生的理解能力与表达能力，保证学生写作能力的提高。
（二）掌握其中要点
大学英语四六级写作考试习题是以汉语提示的，为三段式结构，在各段的开头为主题句。一般为论叙文。好的开头能够在较大程度上激发学生的学习兴趣，所以，在写作期间，可以根据不同的题目，对其进行概括，也可以利用提问、定义、引用的方式描述主题。
（三）处理句子连接性
为了促进句子与句子之间的更好连接，学会正确使用连接词。对句子衔接中，明确句子之间的逻辑关系，保证句子、类型的多样化。如：可以利用定语从句、倒装句、虚拟用句等。
（四）全方位检查
学生在打完草稿后，要对其进行全面检查，并对其中的错误进行修改。其中，要注意到人物主语、语态、时态等，保证句子与句子之间的融合性。
二、大学英语四六级考试阅读的应对策略
（一）明确文章特点
大学英语四六级考试中，常存在的阅读为记叙文、议论文。为了能够有效理解，需要对其中的地点、人物、地点等要素充分掌握，理解其解题思路。
（二）养成阅读习惯
根据学生的实际情况进行教学，保证学生养成良好的阅读习惯。在教学期间，需要根据学生的实际情况，对教学课程难度、教学内容进行合理选择。扩展阅读教材的深度和广度，保证学生获得更多知识，从而增强学生地阅读信心。在对学生的阅读能力进行培养期间，学生要养成边读边查的习惯，遇到生词查字典。为了不影响阅读重复，在阅读每个段落之后，需要集中注意力进行分析。在该情况下，不仅能方便学生了解文章中心思想，还能养成良好的阅读习惯。
（三）掌握阅读技巧
提高学生的阅读能力，能够使学生养成良好的学习习惯，促进阅读技能的提高，保证其发挥重要意义。比如：学生在阅读过程中，能够找出文章中涵有的中心句，理解文章的整体内容，促进阅读任务的有效完成。一般情况下，主题句都会出现在段落首、段落尾。所以，在阅读学习期间，一定要学会找出其中的中心句，保证阅读效率的提升。
如：速度训练法。因为大学英语四六级考试期间，要对为文章进行仔细阅读，容易受时间的限制，所以，为了在有限的时间内找出中心句子，理解全文内容，促进阅读任务的高效完成，就要学会快速阅读。一般情况下，文章中的主题句会出现在段落首部和尾部，所以，在教学期间，教师要引导学生注意文章段落的首尾部，从而保证阅读效率的提升。不仅如此，还要引导学生重视一些关键词组，根据上下文的词义对其猜测。
如：略读与跳读。在该阅读方式下，学生需要重视到文章的标题、黑体字以及一些关键词，特别是每个段落的开头句、结尾句，保证学生理解全文的大意。
如：引导学生根据某个问题进行阅读。学生在掌握文章中心句后，要带着问题再次阅读，使其能快速找出其中的问题答案。
如：精泛结合的阅读方式。精读能够帮助学生掌握句子含义、语法知识以及词汇等，并学习到主要的修辞方法和写作方法。在课堂学习中，为了提高教学效率，需要学生充分利用课堂时间。学习期间，不仅要做好阅读笔记，还要在课后完成复习与巩固阅读工作。对于泛读来说，能够使学生更多词汇量，并熟练掌握文章载体和题材，这样不仅能够打破学生的专业局限性，还能扩展学生的知识面，从而保证学生在大学英语四六级考试中获得更高成绩。
三、总结
基于以上对大学英语四六级阅读、写作应对策略的分析，学生一定要掌握充分知识，提高自身的词汇量，并为其提供良好的试策略，这样才能使学生获得更好成绩。所以，学生掌握好阅读、写作技巧非常重要。
参考文献：
[1]俞月萍.大学英语四、六级考试写作与阅读的应试策略[J].咸宁学院学报，2010，30（7）：89-90.
[2]凌成德.大学英语读写教学中写作侧补强――以《21世纪大学英语》教学实践为例[J].考试周刊，2016（20）：83-84.
[3]黄萍.大学英语六级考试成功通过者考试策略个案研究[D].扬州大学，2011.
四级写作篇7
对比观点题型
(1) 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。
1.有一些人认为……
2.另一些人认为……
3.我的看法……
The topic of ①________(主题)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②________(支持A的理由一)What is more, ③________(理由二). Moreover, ④________(理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,________(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥____________(理由二). Thirdly (finally),⑦____________(理由三).
From my point of view, I think ⑧________(我的观点). The reason is that ⑨____________(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .
(2) 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点Some people believe that ①________(观点一). For example, they think ②________(举例说明).And it will bring them ③________(为他们带来的好处).
In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④____(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤____(反对的理由之二). Form all what I have said,I agree to the thought that ⑥____(我对文章所讨论主题的看法). 阐述主题题型
要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述.
1. 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义.
2. 分析并举例使其更充实.
The good old proverb ________(名言或谚语)reminds us that ________(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.
First of all,________(理由一). For example, ____________(举例说明).
Secondly,________(理由二). Another case is that ________(举例说明). Furthermore , ____________(理由三).
In my opinion, ________(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say____A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
解决方法题型
要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
1. 问题现状
2. 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)
In recent days, we have to face I problem——A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ________(说明A的现状).Second, ________(举例进一步说明现状)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ________(解决方法一). For another ________(解决方法二). Finally, ________(解决方法三).
Personally, I believe that ________(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ________(带来的好处).
四、说明利弊题型
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)
1. 说明事物现状
2. 事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)
3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ________(A的优点之一). Besides ____________(A的优点之二).
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ________(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,____________(A的第二个缺点).
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ________(我的看法).
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ________(对前景的预测
议论文的框架
(1) 不同观点列举型( 选择型 )
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.
A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一
_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some
people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally
speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____ 缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
(3)答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目
_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.英语四级英译汉的目的,要求和评分
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
(4) 谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
四级写作篇8
关键词： 大学英语四级考试 应用文 书信 写作特点 技巧
根据大学英语四级考试大纲的要求，写作部分（Writing）占15%。大学英语考试四级作文的体裁有五类：议论文、说明文、应用文、记叙文和描写文。但在实际考试中，一般只考议论文和应用文两种体裁，而书信是大学英语四级考试应用文中经常考的一种形式。
1.英文书信的组成
1.1信头（Heading）
信头是指发信人的地址和日期，通常写在第一页的右上角。行首可以齐头写，也可以逐行缩进写。地址的书写顺序由小到大：门牌号、街道、城市、省（州）、邮编、国名，最后写发信日期。私人信件一般只写寄信日期即可。例如：
289 Heping Road
Nanshan District
Nanjing 210000
Jiangsu Province
P.R.C.
October 1，2010
1.2信内地址（Inside Address）
信内地址要写收信人的姓名和地址。在公务信件中要写明这一项，在私人信件中，这一项常常省略。该项写在写信日期下一行的左上角，格式与寄信人地址一样。
1.3称呼（Salutation）
称呼是对收信人的称谓，应与左边线对齐，写在收信人姓名、地址下面1-2行处。在称呼后，英国人常用逗号，美国人则常用冒号。在私人信件中可直呼收信人的名字，但在公务信件中一定要写收信人的姓。大部分信件在称呼前加“Dear”。如：
Dear Dr.Green：
Dear Dr.Smith：
对不相识的人可按性别称呼：
Dear Sir：
Dear Madam：
Dear Ladies：
如果不知收信人的性别则可用Dear Sir or Madam。
1.4正文（Body of Letter）
正文是书信的主体。英文书信的正文的开头直接说明写信人的身份及写信的目的，然后提出写信人的情况、想法或要求，并加以必要的解释或说明。英文书信陈述目的时，应该直截了当，意思明确，层次清楚，言简意赅。
1.5结尾礼词（Complimentary Close）
公务信件的结尾礼词包含两部分：发信人的结尾套语与署名。结尾套语写在签名上面一行，第一个字母要大写，套语结尾后面要加逗号。在公务信件中，发信人常用的结尾套语如下：
Yours truly，Yours sincerely，Respectfully yours，Cordially yours，Yours cordially等。
在私人信件中，发信人常用的结尾套语如下：
Sincerely yours，Lovely yours，Your lovely，Your loving son/daughter等。
1.6签名（Signature）
写信人的签名常位于结尾礼词正下方一二行。除非是给很熟悉的人写信，签名一般须写出全名。签名常常较潦草，不易辨认，因此在签名的正下方须打印出全名。
2.写作步骤
在大学英语四级考试中一般要求考生根据提纲写一封英文书信，如2005年1月四级作文、2004年6月四级作文、2004年1月四级作文。对这类题型，通常分为5个步骤来写：
第一段，文章开头：称呼。
第二段，寒暄语句，引出写信的目的。
寒暄句+主题句（注：寒暄句和主题句可以是同一个句子）。
第三段，根据提纲扩展主体段落，主题句+扩展句1+扩展句2+扩展句3。
第四段，表明自己的观点，并结束书信主体段落，在最后要他谈自己的看法。
第五段，寒暄句+落款。
下面我们再来看一封投诉信（Letter of Complaint），一般而言，投诉信包括以下内容：提出要求和理由；解释详细的情况；把请求具体化，以及希望收信人采取行动的日期等。例如：
Aug.1，2010
Dear Sir or Madam：
I’m writing to complain about a typewriter I bought seven months ago.
In January of 2010 I bought a Jones Typewriter，Portable Special Model，at ABC Store，I had used it only a few days when the space bar broke.
I took it to a local shop，they told me it was factory defect and suggested I take it back to ABC.ABC accepted the machine and sent the part in.I waited two months，and since your company did not send a replacement，they let me have the space bar from another typewriter.
Now，five months later，it has broken again.I took it back to ABC.They are no longer carrying your typewriter，but they assured me that the guarantee is still good and suggested that I write you for further instructions as to what steps to take.
I will appreciate anything you can do to help us on this matter.
Respectfully，
Tom Smith
本文结构如下：1.写信日期 称呼；2.正文第一段：表明写信的目的；3.第二段：具体说明购买产品的时间、地点及出现的问题；4.第三段：说明尝试的解决方法；5.第四段：说明尝试的解决方案无效，请求帮助；6.结尾礼词及签名打印的姓名。
从上面的例子可见，书信作文不仅给出正文部分的内容的提纲，而且还给出书信各部分的结构的框架。也就是说，我们只要考虑如何表达提纲部分的内容，而不用考虑书信的结构。在写书信作文时，首先要把书信正文的提纲内容细化，扩展成更细的英文提纲，然后用简洁、明了、礼貌、正确和得体的语言表达出细化了的提纲内容。掌握了以上书信写作特点及技巧后，考生在考试时如果遇到此类作文就能从容应对，从而取得满意的成绩。
参考文献：
四级写作篇9
英语资源网权威2016年6月英语四级写作应用文模板：感谢信，更多2016年6月英语四级写作应用文模板相关信息请访问英语资源网。 Dear_________,
I am writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude for___________.Had it not been for your assistance in ___________,I fear that ___________may not have____________.I’d like you to know that your help __________.It not only____________,but also__________.I shall always remember__________.
I hope that I will have the opportunity of returning your hospitality by inviting you to ______.Will you kindly let me know whether you____________?I am looking forward to seeing you soon!
Again,I would like to express my thanks to .Please accept my appreciatin and pass my best wishes on to ____________.I hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
四级写作篇10
If I were a teacher, I would let the poor in the remote mountainous areas was born in class in our school. I will teach them many knowledge, let them grow up have literary grace.
If I were a teacher, I won't shield the result good students, despise those bad students. A result good student make a mistake, should be criticized, the education they could not proud. A low-achieving students have problems, I will wait patiently to him, let him accept slowly, slowly.
If I were a teacher, in the class, I will make the class more laughter. Next class, I will be on time class is over, let the students to make full use of the valuable time to play, go to bask in the sun, spirit one hundred times to meet the next class.
If I were a teacher, I would with their own efforts to do a best teacher.
每个人都有自己的梦想，我也不例外。我的梦想是当一名光荣的人民教师，用洁白的粉笔来传授知识，用博大的胸怀来关爱学生。
假如我是一名老师，我会让那些边远山区的贫困生来我校上课。我会传授他们许多知识，让他们长大了都有文采。
假如我是一名老师，我不会包庇那些成绩好的学生，鄙视那些成绩坏的学生。一个成绩好的学生犯了错，应该受到批评，教育他们不能骄傲。一个成绩差的学生遇到难题，我会耐心地给他讲解，让他慢慢地接受，慢慢地体会。